Editing Hindu–Islamic relations (section)

===Scriptures and messengers===
The [[Islamic holy books|sacred scriptures of Islam]] are the ''[[Quran|Qurān]]'' and the ''[[Hadith|Ḥadīths]],'' which report what Muhammad said and did. ''[[Hadith|Ḥadīths]]'' are varied and have many versions. According to [[Jesus in Islam|Islamic doctrine]], [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus Christ]] was also [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|one of the messengers]] from God.<ref name="Neal Robinson 2013">Neal Robinson (2013), Islam: A Concise Introduction, Routledge, {{ISBN|978-0-87840-224-3}}, Chapter 7</ref> Muslims believe that Muhammad was the last messenger and the ''Qurān'' was the last revelation from God, delivered to him through the angel [[Jibril|Jibrīl]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Gülen | first=Fethullah | title=The Messenger of God Muhammad : an analysis of the Prophet's life | year=2005 | isbn=978-1-932099-83-6 | page=204}}</ref> The ''Ḥadīths'' contain the ''[[sunnah]]'', the reports of Muhammad's life, sayings, actions, and examples he set. The ''Qurān'' and the reliable ''Ḥadīths'' are considered in Islam as the sources of Islamic law or ''[[Sharia|Sharīʿah]]''.<ref>{{cite book | last=Gibb | first=H. A. R. | title=Mohammedanism : an historical survey | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=London New York | year=1970 | isbn=0-19-500245-8 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/mohammedanismhis0000gibb/page/67 67–68] | url=https://archive.org/details/mohammedanismhis0000gibb/page/67 }}</ref>

Unlike Islam, Hinduism doesn't have centralized religious authorities, or governing bodies. It has some defining historical and religious texts, the [[Hindu texts|sacred Hindu scriptures]], traditional ecclesiastical order, [[Avatar|incarnations]], and the legal code ''[[Manusmriti|Manusmṛti]]''.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Doniger |first1=Wendy |last2=Stefon |first2=Matt |author1-link=Wendy Doniger |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |title=Manu-smriti (Hindu law) |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Manu-smriti |date=4 February 2015 |origyear=20 July 1998 |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |location=[[Edinburgh]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321210843/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Manu-smriti |archive-date=21 March 2016 |access-date=25 April 2021}}</ref><ref name=bl>{{cite book | last=Larson | first=Bob | title=Larson's book of world religions and alternative spirituality | publisher=Tyndale House Publishers |year=2004 | isbn=978-0-8423-6417-1 | page=228}}</ref> Spiritual knowledge of Hinduism is contained in texts called ''[[Śruti]]'' ("what is heard") and ''[[Smṛti]]'' ("what is remembered"). These sacred texts discuss diverse topics, including [[God in Hinduism|theology]], [[Hindu cosmology|cosmology]], [[Hindu mythology|mythology]], [[Hindu philosophy|philosophy]], [[Saṃskāra|rituals and rites of passage]], and many others. Major scriptures in Hinduism include the ''[[Vedas]]'' and ''[[Upanishads]]'' (both ''Śruti''), the [[Hindu Epic|Epics]] (''[[Ramayana|Rāmāyana]]'' and ''[[Mahabharata|Mahābhārata]]''), ''[[Puranas|Purāṇas]]'', ''[[Dharmaśāstra]]s'', ''[[Āgama (Hinduism)|Āgamas]]'', and the ''[[Bhagavad Gita|Bhagavad Gītā]]'' (all ''Smṛti'').<ref>{{cite book | last =Michaels | first =Axel | author-link = Axel Michaels | year =2004 | title =Hinduism: Past and present | publisher =Princeton University Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Bhattacharyya | first=Ashim | title=Hindu Dharma : introduction to scriptures and theology | publisher=IUniverse | location=New York Lincoln | year=2006 | isbn=978-0-595-38455-6 | pages=8–14}}</ref>

According to Muslim scholars, Brahmans reject that God would send messengers. The Brahmans argue, if God wanted humans to understand his will, he would have created mankind accordingly. Thus, they assert, that human reason is sufficient to understand God's will.<ref name="10.1163_1573-3912_islam_SIM_1214 Barahima"/> Muslim scholars on the other hand assert, that prophecy is necessary for mankind in religious matters. Asharites argue that justification of morality relies on revelation. In contrast, Maturidites assert morality can be detected by reason, but mankind requires prophecy for supernatural matters.<ref>Oliver Leaman The Biographical Encyclopedia of Islamic Philosophy Bloomsbury Publishing 2015 {{ISBN|978-1-472-56945-5}} page 311</ref>