Editing Islamic sexual jurisprudence (section)

===Prostitution===
[[Prostitution]] is banned in Islam.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Eris |first1=Suleyman |title=Islam: Belief and Practice : a Brief Guide |date=2006 |publisher=Tughra Books |isbn=978-1-59784-051-4 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=jWnbDMBYrJ8C&pg=PA42&dq=prostitution+islam&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjz8LisotLpAhWIyDgGHXWPD004ChDoATAEegQIARAg#v=onepage&q=prostitution%20islam&f=false |accessdate=26 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=pro>{{cite web|url=https://islamqa.info/en/5707|title=The difference between slaves and prostitutes|website=www.islamqa.info|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510161236/https://islamqa.info/en/5707|archivedate=2017-05-10}}</ref> Quran states,

{{quote|And compel not your slave-girls to prostitution when they desire to keep chaste, in order to seek the frail goods of this world's life. And whoever compels them, then surely after their compulsion Allah is Forgiving, Merciful..|{{cite quran|24|33|s=ns}}}}

Prostitution (trading sex for money) is haraam. If any does this then he shall be stoned to death. It was practiced by some Arabs during the 6th century. In the 7th century, [[Muhammad]] declared that prostitution is forbidden on all grounds.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ditmore |first1=Melissa Hope |title=Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work |date=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-313-32968-5 |page=392 |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=fcYq72qYRTcC&pg=PA392&dq=prostitution+islam&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjT0qaQotLpAhXHzTgGHegYDhMQ6AEIJDAA#v=onepage&q=prostitution%20islam&f=false |accessdate=26 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

{{quote|Jabir reported that 'Abdullah b. Ubayy b. Salul used to say to his slave-girl:
Go and fetch something for us by committing prostitution . It was in this connection that Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, revealed this verse:" And compel not your slave-girls to prostitution when they desire to keep chaste in order to seek the frail goods of this world's life, and whoever compels them, then surely after their compulsion Allah is Forgiving, Merciful" (xxiv. 33).|{{Hadith-usc|Muslim|usc=yes|43|7180}},{{Hadith-usc|Muslim|usc=yes|43|7181}},{{Hadith-usc|abudawud|usc=yes|12|2304}}}}

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas:
{{quote|The Prophet said: There is no prostitution in Islam. If anyone practised prostitution in pre-Islamic times, the child will be attributed to the master (of the slave-woman). He who claims his child without a valid marriage or ownership will neither inherit nor be inherited.|{{Hadith-usc|abudawud|usc=yes|12|2257}}}}

In [[Islam]], prostitution is considered a sin, and Abu Mas'ud Al-Ansari is attributed with the saying: {{quote|"Allah's Apostle forbade taking the price of a dog, money earned by prostitution and the earnings of a soothsayer".|{{Hadith-usc|Bukhari|usc=yes|3|34|439}}}}

Narrated 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair:
{{quote|'Aishah, the wife of the Prophet told him that there were four types of marriage during Pre-Islamic period of Ignorance. One type was similar to that of the present day i.e. a man used to ask somebody else for the hand of a girl under his guardianship or for his daughter's hand, and give her Mahr and then marry her. The second type was that a man would say to his wife after she had become clean from her period. "Send for so-and-so and have sexual intercourse with him." Her husband would then keep awy from her and would never sleep with her till she got pregnant from the other man with whom she was sleeping. When her pregnancy became evident, he husband would sleep with her if he wished. Her husband did so (i.e. let his wife sleep with some other man) so that he might have a child of noble breed. Such marriage was called as Al-Istibda'. Another type of marriage was that a group of less than ten men would assemble and enter upon a woman, and all of them would have sexual relation with her. If she became pregnant and delivered a child and some days had passed after delivery, she would send for all of them and none of them would refuse to come, and when they all gathered before her, she would say to them, "You (all) know what you have done, and now I have given birth to a child. So, it is your child so-and-so!" naming whoever she liked, and her child would follow him and he could not refuse to take him. The fourth type of marriage was that many people would enter upon a lady and she would never refuse anyone who came to her. Those were the prostitutes who used to fix flags at their doors as sign, and he who would wished, could have sexual intercourse with them. If anyone of them got pregnant and delivered a child, then all those men would be gathered for her and they would call the Qa'if (persons skilled in recognizing the likeness of a child to his father) to them and would let the child follow the man (whom they recognized as his father) and she would let him adhere to him and be called his son. The man would not refuse all that. But when Muhammad was sent with the Truth, he abolished all the types of marriages observed in pre-Islamic period of Ignorance except the type of marriage the people recognize today.|{{Hadith-usc|Bukhari|usc=yes|1|62|58}}}}

According to [[Shia]] Muslims, Muhammad sanctioned fixed-term marriage – [[Nikah mut‘ah]] or [[sigheh]], which is used as a legal alternative of prostitution in [[West Asian]] Shia population, where prostitution is forbidden.<ref>{{Cite book
 |last        = İlkkaracan
 |first       = Pınar
 |title       = Deconstructing sexuality in the Middle East: challenges and discourses
 |url         = https://books.google.com/books?id=pnGwP9-FhxYC&pg=PA36&dq#v=onepage&q=&f=false
 |publisher   = Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
 |year        = 2008
 |page        = 36
 |isbn        = 978-0-7546-7235-7
 |url-status     = live
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20151030194344/https://books.google.com/books?id=pnGwP9-FhxYC&pg=PA36&dq#v=onepage&q=&f=false
 |archivedate = 2015-10-30
}}
</ref>

By contrast, in the Sahih al-Bukhari, Mut'ah marriage is classed as forbidden because [[Ali bin Abu Talib]] said that he heard Muhammad say that it is forbidden. 
As narrated by 'Ali bin Abu Talib: 
{{quote|"On the day of khaibar, Allah's Apostle forbade the Mut'a (i.e. temporary marriage) and the eating of donkey-meat."|{{Hadith-usc|Bukhari|usc=yes|5|59|527}}, {{Hadith-usc|Bukhari|usc=yes|9|86|91}}}}

Zaidi Shia texts also state that Ali said Mut'ah marriage was forbidden and for this reason the Zaidi Shia do not practise Mut'ah marriage.