Editing Kalki Avatar and Muhammad (section)

====Receiptions====
After publication, the book became very popular in India.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mehar |first1=Iftikhar Ahmed |title=Al-Islam |date=2003 |publisher=AL-ISLAM |isbn=9781410732729 |page=200 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0gypGNaj3kC&dq=kalki+muhammad+ved+prakash&pg=PA200 |accessdate=23 October 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Bengali scholar [[Asitkumar Bandyopadhyay]] translated the book into Bengali language along with Upadhyay's other two books 'Narashangsa and the Antim Rishi" and "Religious Unity in the Light of the Vedas and the Puranas" and combined it in one edition in the same name.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Ved Prakash Upaddhayaya |author2=Ashit Kumar Bandhopaddhayaya |author3=Muhammad Alamgir |title=Muhammad in the Vedas and the Puranas |url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Kalki+Avatar+Muhammad&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&u=%23p%3DYKA4u5EnKz4J |website=scholar.google.com |publisher=AS Noordeen |accessdate=22 October 2019 |date=1998}}</ref> The book was later also translated into English by several translators entitling ''Muhammad in the Hindu scriptures'' and ''Muhammad in the Vedas and the Puranas'', which gave the book immense popularity outside India.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sabjan |first1=Muhammad Azizan |title=The People of the Book and the People of the Dubious Book (Penerbit USM) |date=2008 |publisher=Penerbit USM |isbn=978-983-861-853-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q95qCQAAQBAJ&dq=muhammad+in+Hindu+scripture+ved+prakash+%22alamgir%22&pg=PT184 |access-date=8 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref> The book has also been translated in many regional Indian languages as well as in [[Urdu]] and [[Persian language|Persian]] language etc. Besides popularity, the book was also criticized by many Hindu and Muslim bodies,
describing the book as wrong explanation of Hindu scriptures by many Hindu scholars and as exclusion of [[Hinduism]] and [[Hindu scriptures]] from [[people of the Book]] and [[Islamic holy books|divine books]] by some Islamic scholars, whereas both of the sectors claimed the subjects of the book as later [[Interpolation (manuscripts)|interpolation]]s in Hindu scriptures.<ref>{{cite news |last1=ब्यूरो |first1=उगता भारत |title=क्या वेदों में मुहम्मद साहिब का वर्णन नराशंस के रूप में मिलता है? (Is Muhammad Sahib described as Narashana in the Vedas?)|url=https://www.ugtabharat.com/76915/ |access-date=8 September 2023 |work=[[:hi:उगता भारत|Ugta Bharat]] |date=20 May 2023 |language=hi-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Azmi|first1=Ziaur Rahman|author-link1=Ziaur Rahman Azmi|title=دراسات في اليهودية والمسيحية وأديان الهند والبشارات في كتب الهندوس (Studies in Judaism, Christianity, Indian religions, and glad tidings in Hindu books) |date=2008|publisher=Maqtabur Rushd|pages=703–708|url=https://www.noor-book.com/en/book/internal_download/865e7470002231144605c52e5e264acd/2/fb5dd854dcf907fb80f85b5242f2e4f8/NDI2NzVlNmY3N2ZhOTUxNDMzZGVhY2I0NDg0MmI4OGMzNWIyMDgyNmRlZTI4ZmYxN2QyY2RjNGRkMGQzMzg0OWI5MmNkYjhmYTExNzEwNDA1N2YyNWMzNWIyYjBkYWEzMWVhOWUxZDJmZmUwYmM0MGI4ZWNkYWMxZjkzZGJlZjQxS1dhZ3ZyRUgwZnA3RmQrRThEeURZSFpKNysrUkFZQ3FoeG5WYTdaZkVhL2cranNiZFdnVThjWWc0OXZnTVpn|access-date=14 August 2022|language=ar}}</ref> Many international journal articles has been written and published on the book,<ref name="Ab"/><ref>{{cite web |first=Handrik Alim |last=Mashuri |title=Kalki Awatara Dalam Perspektif Dr. Pandit Ved Prakash Upaddhay Dalam Buku Muhammad in the Hindu Scriptures |url=http://repository.uin-suska.ac.id/33427/1/SKRIPSI%20GABUNGAN.pdf |website=[[Sultan Syarif Kasim II State Islamic University]] |access-date=1 September 2022 |language=en |date=11 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="alidrak.com"/><ref name="Noormags"/> The book is a subject of discussion by many academics<ref>{{cite book |last1=Srivastava |first1=Ram Pal |title=अवतारवाद - एक नई दृष्टि |publisher=Sankalp Publication |isbn=978-93-91173-57-9 |page=177 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sdXKEAAAQBAJ&dq=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6&pg=PA177 |access-date=29 July 2023 |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Mañjula |first1=Rasika Bihārī |title=Bhārata bhavānī: Karagila yuddha se juṛī kucha kavitāyeṃ |date=2000 |publisher=Ravim Prakāśana |page=176 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pK5jAAAAMAAJ&q=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6 |access-date=29 July 2023 |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=المصرية) |first1=علي جمعة محمد (مفتي الديار |title=اعرف نبيك: صلى الله عليه وسلم |date=1 January 2010 |publisher=Nahdet Misr Publishing Group |isbn=978-977-14-2365-2 |page=27 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JjLwCgAAQBAJ&dq=%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A+%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF&pg=PA27 |access-date=29 July 2023 |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=نقطه نظر |date=2005 |publisher=انسٹى ٹيوٹ آف پاليسى اسٹڈيز، |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kOAPAQAAMAAJ&q=%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF+%D9%BE%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4+%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92 |access-date=29 July 2023 |language=ur}}</ref> like [[Yoginder Sikand]], [[Muzaffar Alam]], [[Utpal K. Banerjee]], [[Francesca Orsini]] and got wide media coverage in regional and international print and electronic medias.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Talib |first1=Tariq Mahmoud |title=Kalki Avtar - Investigative Urdu Article: بھارت کے پنڈت وید پرکاش اپادھیائے نے اپنی کتاب "کلکی اوتار" میں تصدیق کی ہے کہ ہندو اپنی مذہبی کتابوں کے مطابق جس اوتارکا انتظار کررہے ہیں وہ رسولﷺ ہی ہیں ( India's Pandit Ved Prakash Upadhyay has confirmed in his book "Kalki Avatar" that according to their religious books, the avatar that Hindus are waiting for is the Prophet.) |url=https://www.urdupoint.com/daily/article/kalki-avtar-3308.html |access-date=29 July 2023 |work=[[Urdu Point]] |date=8 January 2010 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hamza |first1=Ameer |title=ختمِ نبوت اور وزیراعظم و آرمی چیف کی مساعی جمیلہ (End of Prophethood and efforts of Prime Minister and Army Chief Jamila) |url=https://dunya.com.pk/index.php/author/ameer-hamza/2019-10-11/28669/31008559 |access-date=29 July 2023 |work=[[Daily Dunya]] |date=11 October 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Asmae |first1=Sarwat Jamal |title=ہندومَت میں ''جگت گرو''، محمد عربی ﷺ کی آمد کی بشارتیں (The tidings of the arrival of the "Jagat Guru", Muhammad in Hinduism Arabi) |url=https://jang.com.pk/news/1002676 |access-date=29 July 2023 |work=[[Daily Jang]] |date=31 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=غیر مسلموںتک مذہب اسلام کا پیغام پہچانے'' اسلامی کتابوں کی مفت تقسیم'' وقت کا اہم ترین تقاضہ (Free distribution of Islamic books" is the most important requirement of the time to make the message of Islam known to non-Muslims) |url=https://archive.urdu.siasat.com/news/%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%DA%BA%D8%AA%DA%A9-%D9%85%D8%B0%DB%81%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%DA%A9%D8%A7-%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%BE%DB%81%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86-524296/ |access-date=29 July 2023 |work=[[Siasat Daily]] Urdu Archive |date=6 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=پیارے رسول ﷺ کی عظمت : سب سے عظیم تر (The greatness of the beloved Prophet ﷺ: The greatest) |url=https://dailypakistan.com.pk/11-Aug-2017/623834 |access-date=30 July 2023 |work=[[Daily Pakistan]] |date=11 August 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Khan |first1=Zehad |title=মুহাম্মদ সা: প্রশংসিত (Muhammad (saw) praised) |url=https://www.dailynayadiganta.com/opinion/673358/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4 |access-date=30 July 2023 |work=[[Naya Diganta]] |date=27 June 2022 |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Murtaza) |first1=Muhammad |title=পশু উৎসর্গে সব ধর্মের ঐক্য (Unity of all the religions in sacrifiing animals) |url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/islamic-life/2020/07/27/939583 |access-date=30 July 2023 |work=[[Kaler Kantho]] |date=July 2020}}</ref>  Also there are conversions from Hinduism to Islam happened by reading this book.<ref>{{cite news |title=قصص من الحياة: قصة اسلام ارون كومار من عبادّ الأبقار (Stories from life: the story of self-submission (conversion to Islam) of Arun Kumar, a cow worshiper)|url=https://www.alwatanvoice.com/arabic/news/2014/07/08/563800.html |access-date=29 July 2023 |work=[[:ar:دنيا الوطن|AlWatan Voice]]|date=8 July 2014 |language=ar}}</ref>

=====Hindu views=====
The content of the book is mainly a discussion of the claim that [[Kalki|Kalki Avatar]] is [[Muhammad]] and the presence of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in Hindu scriptures. For this reason, Kalki Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Bhagavata Purana, Vedas etc. have been chosen as sources of Hindu scriptures.  Hindu scholars criticize and oppose all these claims.  An Indian organization 'Agniveer' criticized all these claims.  In addition, the book "Ovranto Boidik Shastrer Alokey Kolki Obotar" (অভ্রান্ত বৈদিক শাস্ত্রের আলোকে কল্কি অবতার, Kalki Avatar in the Light of Inerrant Vedic Scriptures) (2019), and the January–March version of Amriter Sandhane magazine, both published by Bangladeshi wing of [[Back to Godhead]], criticizes the claimed resemblance to Kalki Avatar.<ref>''[[iarchive:20201023 20201023 0916|অভ্রান্ত বৈদিক শাস্ত্রের আলোকে কল্কি অবতার]]; -2019 (Bangla)'' Publisher: Shri Charu Chandra Das Brahmachari;  Written, compiled and edited by: Pranayakumar Pal and Subhashish Dutta;  Publications: Amrited Sandhane (in search of nectar) (Bangladeshi window of [[Back to Godhead]]) Publication.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=২০১৬ সালের ম্যাগাজিন – Amriter Sandhane |journal=Amriter Sandhane (Bangladeshi Wing of Back to Godhead) |date=2016 |issue=January–March 2016 |pages=18–23 |url=https://amritersandhane.com/2016-3/ |access-date=13 September 2023}}</ref> But in the October–December 2016 edition of Amriter shandhane, the Bangladeshi wing of [[Back to Godhead]] claimed the mention of Muhammad in Bhavishya Purana and hymn 127, book 20 of [[Atharvaveda]] in support of authenticity of vedic scriptures, which similared to the claim of the book.<ref>{{cite journal |title=২০১৬ সালের ম্যাগাজিন – Amriter Sandhane |journal=Amriter Sandhane (Bangladeshi Wing of Back to Godhead) |date=2016 |issue=October–December 2016 |page=29 |url=https://amritersandhane.com/2016-3/ |access-date=13 September 2023}}</ref> Hindu spiritual leader [[Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)|Ravi Shankar]] claimed in his book "Hinduism and Islam: The Common Thread" that [[Muhammad]] is explicitly mentioned as the name "Mahamada" ({{lang-sa|महामद}}) in [[:wikisource:sa:भविष्यपुराणम् /पर्व ३ (प्रतिसर्गपर्व)/खण्डः ३/अध्यायः ०३|Parva 3, Khand 3, Adhyay 3, texts  5-6 (Episode 3, section 3, chapter 3, text 5–6)]] of [[Bhavishya Purana]]: "An  illiterate teacher will appear, Mohammed is his name, and he will give  religion to the people of the desert", which also resembles the book.<ref>{{cite book |title=Hinduism & Islam: The Common Thread (Sri Sri Ravi Shankar) (2002) [Kindle edition] |date=2002 |publisher=Santa Barbara, CA: Art of Living Foundation USA |page=20 |url=https://archive.org/details/hinduism-islam-common-thread |quote=The Prophet Mohammed and His Appearance in Vedic Literature  The Vedic text Bhavishya Purana (Parva 3, Khand 3, Adya 3, texts  5-6) predicts the appearance of Mohammed. Therein it states: "An  illiterate teacher will appear, Mohammed is his name, and he will give  religion to the people of the desert."}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Holy books of Hindus predicted about Mohammed (pbuh): Sri Sri Ravi Shankar |url=https://archive.siasat.com/news/holy-books-hindus-predicted-mohammed-pbuh-sri-sri-ravi-shankar-1256845/ |access-date=13 September 2023 |work=The [[Siasat Daily]] – Archive |date=13 November 2017}}</ref>

Among all the similarities shown in the book with Kalki from the Kalki Purana, behavioral similarities are notable.  For example: Muhammad is the last prophet of Islam with the last arrival of Kalki;  Similarities of Muhammad's battles at various times with Kalki fighting on a white horse and sword, etc.<ref>Kalki Avatar and Muhammad Sahib - Publisher: Islami Sahitya Prakshanalaya.</ref> Critics cite Muhammad's contrasts with Kalki against such similarities.<ref name=":22"/> Again in the book it is said that there are similarities in various matters even applying the literal meaning.  Critics consider such literal application of the similarity of characters to be misleading and a misapplication of meaning.

It also contains critical comments on Mughal history (the texts refer to them as "Mukuls") and mentions a "Mahamad".  Critics point out that the "Mahamed" described in the Bhavishya Purana is a "[[mlechcha]]" (foreigner, barbarian) and is the "[[Daitya]]" or "[[ghost]]" called [[Tripurasura]]' who is reborn.,<ref>Bhavishya Purana, 3.21.11-12</ref> And the word "Muslim" has been said to mean a destroyer of religion.<ref name="agniveer.com">{{cite web|last1=Newar|first1=Sanjeev|date=2009-12-24|language=en-US|title=Prophet in Hindu Scriptures – Bhavishya Puran (Part 2)|url=http://agniveer.com/prophet-puran/|access-date=2022-09-23|website=Agniveer}}</ref> [[AK Ramanujan]] mentions [[Christ]], [[Moses]] and [[Queen Victoria Mosque|Queen Victoria]] in a "properly updated Bhavisya Purana".<ref name=":02">For quotations see: Ramanujan, A. K., "Folk Mythologies and {{IAST|Purāṇas}}" in: Doniger</ref> 
Regarding "Pratisargaparva" Hazra says: Although it belongs to "Bhavishya Purana" (Ik.1.2-3), "Pratisargaparva" refers to Adam, Noah, Yakuta, Timurlong, Nadirshah, [[Akbar]] (Delishwar), Jayachandra and many others.  The book also mentions British rule in India, even mentioning [[Calcutta]] and Parliament.<ref>For quotation describing the ''Pratisargaparvan'' as "practically a new work" see: Hazra, Rajendra Chandra, "{{IAST|The Purāṇas}}", in: Radhakrishnan (CHI, 1962), volume 2, p. 263.</ref>

The book also claims that the Vedas contain prophecies of Muhammad.  For example, in the Atharvaveda Kuntapa Sukta, 'Narasamsha', which is used for any praised person, the word Muhammad means praise, and the Sukta is claimed to describe Muhammad's prophecy.  The sukta appears to refer to a justly praised king (Indra), although no Muhammadan association with them is found.<ref>Dr.  Tulshiram Sharma (London UK.);  ''[[Atharvaveda]] (English language);  Publisher- Vijaykumar Govindram Hasanand''</ref> Certain verses of the mantra are precisely identified and their semantic similarities are shown in order to create the context, mainly to prove Muhammad's prophecies.  Critics see such spending as ulterior motives.

Hindu scholars dispute the book's claims. A criticism of the claimed resemblance to Kalki Avatar is found in the book “[[iarchive:20201023 20201023 0916|"Ovranto Boidik Shastrer Alokey Kolki Obotar" (অভ্রান্ত বৈদিক শাস্ত্রের আলোকে কল্কি অবতার, Kalki Avatar in the Light of Inerrant Vedic Scriptures)]]” published by Amriter Sandhane Prakashani. Indian organizations like Agniveer also criticized these claims.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Newar|first1=Sanjeev|date=2009-12-24|language=en-US|title=Prophet in Hindu Scriptures – An analysis (Part 1)|url=http://agniveer.com/prophet-hindu/|access-date=2022-09-23|website=Agniveer}}</ref><ref name="agniveer.com"/> Criticism states,
* There are many differences in the behavioral characteristics of both.  Moreover, even if there is a similarity in meaning, the two characters may not be the same.<ref name=":22">''[[iarchive:20201023 20201023 0916|"Ovranto Boidik Shastrer Alokey Kolki Obotar" (অভ্রান্ত বৈদিক শাস্ত্রের আলোকে কল্কি অবতার, Kalki Avatar in the Light of Inerrant Vedic Scriptures) (2019)]];'' Publisher: Shri Charu Chandra Das Brahmachari;  Written, compiled and edited by: Pranayakumar Pal and Subhashish Dutta;  Publications: Amriter Shandhane Prakashani (Bangladeshi window of [[Back to Godhead]]);  First release - 2019.</ref>
* In Hinduism, Kalkideva is seen as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu.<ref name=":1">[http://www.vedabase.net/bg/8/17/en1 B-Gita 8.17] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429214109/http://vedabase.net/bg/8/17/en1|date=29 April 2009}} "And finally in Kal-yuga (the yuga we have now been experiencing over the past 5,000 years) there is an abundance of strife, ignorance, irreligion and vice, true virtue being practically nonexistent, and this yuga lasts 432,000 years. In Kali-yuga vice increases to such a point that at the termination of the yuga the Supreme Lord Himself appears as the Kalki avatara"</ref> He cannot be human.<ref name=":22" />{{Rp|page:14}}
* According to Hindu belief, [[Kalki]]deva will arrive at the end of [[Kali Yuga]].  That is after another 4,27,000 years.<ref name="Brockington1998p287">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HR-_LK5kl18C|title=The Sanskrit Epics|author=J. L. Brockington|year=1998|publisher=BRILL Academic|pages=287–288 with footnotes 126–127|isbn=90-04-10260-4}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> Kalki cannot appear at any time in the past.<ref name=":22" />{{Rp|p:19}}
* Kalki's father's name 'Vishnuyash' means 'Yash like Vishnu' and mother's name 'Sumati' means 'Subuddhi'.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bangladict.com - অভিধানে 'মতি' এর অর্থ|url=http://www.bangladict.com/মতি|access-date=2022-07-01|website=www.bangladict.com}}</ref><ref name="Meri2004">{{citation|last=Meri|first=Josef W.|title=Medieval Islamic civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H-k9oc9xsuAC|accessdate=3 January 2013|volume=1|year=2004|publisher=Routledge|language=en|isbn=978-0-415-96690-0|page=525|archive-date=14 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114153019/http://books.google.com/books?id=H-k9oc9xsuAC|url-status=live}}</ref> but it is not seen in the case of Kalki.<ref name=":22" />{{Rp|p:38–39; 67}}
* The book compares Kalki's birthplace ''[[Shambhala]]'' with the place [[Mecca]] which etymologically means 'place of peace'.  Whereas the word Shambhal (Shambhu + Aloy) literally means 'abode of welfare'.  On the other hand, the literal meaning of the word Makkah is not clearly known.<ref name="Versteeghp513">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OWQOAQAAMAAJ|title=Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics, Volume 4|year=2008|publisher=Brill|page=513|isbn=978-90-04-14476-7|edition=Illustrated|author=Versteegh, Kees|editor1=C.H.M. Versteegh|editor2=Kees Versteegh}}</ref>
* According to the description of Kalki Purana, the village of Shambal will be a place full of rivers, mountains, kunjshovit, rich nature and forests with six seasons.  A desert region without forests and rivers would not be Shambalgram.  In addition, Hindus consider Sambhal village in Uttar Pradesh, India to be the village mentioned in the Puranas.<ref name=":22" />
* Kalki was born on the twelfth tithi of Shuklapaksha of the month of Madhava (magha according to the lunar month) which is the 27th of the lunar month (15 days + 12 days of Krishna Paksha).  On the other hand, there is a difference of opinion in the Muslim community regarding the date of birth of Muhammad.।<ref>{{cite web|date=2016-04-22|language=bn|title=মহানবী (সা.)-এর জন্ম তারিখ নিয়ে ঐতিহাসিকদের অভিমত {{!}} কালের কণ্ঠ|url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/islamic-life/2016/04/22/350124|access-date=2022-06-30|website=Kalerkantho}}</ref><ref name=":22" />{{Rp|pp. 57–59}}
* According to the Puranas Kalki will be the fourth child of the parents.<ref>[[Kalki Purana]] 2.31</ref> But this is not the case with Muhammad.
* Kalki's 'two' wives were 'Padma' and 'Rambha'.  Padma would be a princess of Sinhalese (present-day Sri Lanka).{{sfn|Rocher|1986|p=183 with footnotes}} does not resemble the claimed character.<ref name=":22" />{{Rp|p:45–47  }}

Indian Hindu organisation ''Agniveer'' also judjed the book by the academic works of western scholars on Hinduism. According to the organisation, the book presents the story of Abrahamic Adam and Eve, Noah, described in the Pratisarga episode of Bhavisya Purana.  According to scholars, the 'Pratisargaparva' portion of the Bhavishya Purana is considered a projected addition of the eighteenth or nineteenth century.{{Sfn|Rocher|1986}}{{Sfn|Dalal|2014}}<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uV-RrRoMzbgC|title=Rethinking India's Oral and Classical Epics|last1=Alf Hiltebeitel|year=1999|publisher=University of Chicago Press|pages=217–218|isbn=978-0-226-34050-0}}</ref> 
[[Moriz Winternitz]] says that the texts which have come down to us under the title Bhavisya Purana, are undoubtedly not the ancient works of the original Bhavisya Purana quoted in the "Apastambiya Dharmasutra".<ref>For statement that the extant text is not the ancient work, see: Winternitz, volume 1, p. 567.</ref><ref>For the quotation in ''{{IAST|Āpastambīya Dharmasūtra}}'' attributed to the ''{{IAST|Bhaviṣyat Purāṇa}}'' not extant today, see: Winternitz, volume 1, p. 519.</ref> As Gustav Glaser has shown, the surviving manuscripts of the Bhavisya Purana are neither ancient nor medieval versions of the original Bhavisya Purana. The author of this episode is believed to know both the English Bible and Arabic Islamic texts, but many of the words used here are derived from Arabic words and names, not from English sources.

The presence of Arabic words suggests that the corresponding portion of Bhavisya Purana was written well after the fourteenth century and must have been composed after the rise of the Mughal Empire and the availability of Arabic sources in India.<ref name="Hiltebeitel1999p2754">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uV-RrRoMzbgC|title=Rethinking India's Oral and Classical Epics|last1=Alf Hiltebeitel|year=1999|publisher=University of Chicago Press|pages=274–277|isbn=978-0-226-34050-0}}</ref> This episode has therefore led many scholars to question the acceptability of the "Bhavishya Puranas" and that these Puranas are not accepted as authentic scriptures.{{Sfn|K P Gietz|1992}}{{Sfn|Rocher|1986}} In this Purana there are more uses of such words including ``Sante'' (from Sunday), ''Farbari'' (from February), ''Sixty'' (from Sixty).<ref name="Glaesser">{{cite journal|journal= Münchener Indologische Studien vol. 5 by Adam Hohenberger, Helmut Hoffmann| last1=Glaesser|first1=Gustav|year=1969|title=Review of Das Bhaviṣyapurāṇa |pages=511–513|jstor=29755461}}</ref>

In the book "[[Satyarth Prakash]]", [[Dayanad Saraswati]] also rejected the claim of the mention of Muhammad in Atharvaveda, and he criticised the mention of Muhammad in [[Allopanishad]] calling it as a later fabrication to please [[Akbar]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dayananda Sarasvati |first1=Swami |title=An English translation of the Satyarth Prakash; literally, Expose of right sense (of Vedic religion) of Maharshi Swami Dayanand Saraswati, 'The Luther of India,' being a guide to Vedic hermeneutics |date=1908 |publisher=Lahore : Virganand Press |page=588 |url=https://archive.org/details/satyarthprakashl00dayauoft/page/n560/mode/1up |access-date=16 September 2023}}</ref>

The Bangladeshi wing of the organisation Agniveer extremely criticised the concepts of the book and the writer and they claimed that the writer doesn't exist in reality because his academic records are not found anywhere in Bengali.<ref>{{cite web |title=অথর্ববেদের কুন্তাপ সূক্তে ইসলামের নবী: চাঁদে সাঈদীর দর্শন |url=https://www.agniveerbangla.org/2018/03/blog-post_1.html?m=1 |website=Bangladesh Agniveer |access-date=16 September 2023 |language=en |date=5 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=কল্কি অবতার ই কি নবী মুহাম্মদ? |url=https://www.agniveerbangla.org/2020/07/blog-post_9.html?m=1 |website=Bangladesh Agniveer |access-date=16 September 2023 |pages=9 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

=====Muslim views=====
Indian Islamic preacher [[Zakir Naik]]  deliderately mentioned extensive references from this book along with mentioning the writer Ved Prakash's name in his various writings.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Naik |first1=Zakir |author1-link=Zakir Naik |title=Similarities Between Hinduism & Islam |date=2007 |publisher=Adam Publishers & Distributors |isbn=978-81-7435-567-6 |pages=33–43, 80 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=So4O46mUp0QC |access-date=28 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

Pakistani former high commissioner [[Afrasiab Mehdi Hashmi]]  discussed the book in his writing.<ref name=af/> Besides renowned international writers like [[Ali Unal]],<ref name="Au"/> [[Shams Naved Usmani]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=ʻUs̲mānī |first1=Shams Navīd |title=Agar ab bhī nah jāge tau-- |date=1989 |publisher=Raushnī Pablishing Hāʼūs |page=132 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1tDtAAAAIAAJ&q=%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF+%D9%BE%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4+%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92 |access-date=29 July 2023 |language=ur}}</ref> [[Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=بشىر |first1=محمود، سلطان |title=کتاب زندگى: قرآن حکىم کى سائنسى تفسىر : سورة الفاتحه، سورة البقرة |date=2003 |publisher=القرآن الحکىم رىسر چ فاؤنڈىشن، |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FNPXAAAAMAAJ&q=%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF+%D9%BE%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4+%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92 |access-date=29 July 2023 |language=ur}}</ref> and [[:ms:Danial Zainal Abidin|Danial Zainal Abidin]],<ref name="dz"/> [[Ali Goma]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=المصرية) |first1=علي جمعة محمد (مفتي الديار |title=اعرف نبيك: صلى الله عليه وسلم |date=1 January 2010 |publisher=Nahdet Misr Publishing Group |isbn=978-977-14-2365-2 |page=27 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JjLwCgAAQBAJ&dq=%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A+%D9%88+%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF&pg=PA27 |access-date=26 September 2023 |language=ar}}</ref> [[Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=الرحمن |first1=مباركفوري، صفي |title=و انك لعلى خلق عظيم 1 |date=2006 |publisher=الدار الاسلامية للطباعة والنشر |isbn=978-977-6195-00-4 |page=374 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eGi5AAAAIAAJ&q=%22%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF+%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B4+%22 |access-date=26 September 2023 |language=ar}}</ref> [[:ar:سامي عامري|Sami Amri]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=عامري |first1=سامي |title=محمد رسول الله فى الكتب المقدسة : عند النصارى و اليهود و الهندوس و الصابئة و البوذيين و المجوس |date=2006 |publisher=منظمة الاسلاميةللعلوم الطبية |isbn=978-977-289-127-6 |pages=420–427 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=575gAAAAIAAJ&q=Ved+prarkash+upaddhayaya |access-date=26 September 2023 |language=ar}}</ref> [[Nihat Hatipoğlu]]<ref name=oda>{{cite news |title=Nihat Hatipoğlu Hinduları Müslüman ilan etti |url=https://www.odatv4.com/medya/nihat-hatipoglu-hindulari-musluman-ilan-etti-20121914-174878 |access-date=26 September 2023 |work=[[OdaTV]] |date=20 December 2019 |language=tr-TR}}</ref> etc. discussed and praised the book.

[[Ziaur Rahman Azmi]] in his book ''"Dirasat fil Yahudiyat wal Masihiyat Wal Adianil Hind"'' (دراست في اليوديه والمسيحيه واديان الحند, Studies on Judaism, Christianity and Indian Religions) stated that, although most of the mainstream Muslim scholars do not regard [[Hindu scriptures]] as [[people of the book|divine scriptures]] revealed from God rather than man-made [[Historical vedic religion|Aryan literature]], there may be three reasons behind the "possible" inclusion of Islamic prophecies in Hinduism.<ref name=Ab>{{cite journal |last1=الحافي |first1=د عمر |last2=البصول |first2=السيد علي |title=البشارات بنبؤة محمد في الكتب الهندوسية المقدسة |journal=The Jordanian Journal of Islamic Studies |date=24 June 2010 |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=2, 12 |url=http://repository.aabu.edu.jo/jspui/handle/123456789/363 |access-date=2 September 2022 |publisher=[[Al al-Bayt University]]}}</ref> First one is, 
# The period of the [[Indo-Aryan Migration]] was during the time of Prophet Abraham, during which another prophet may have come to India, under whose direction these prophecies are included. 
# Or what many Hindus say, [[Rigveda]] is copied from [[Torah]]. 
# Another view is that, according to Sultan Mubin, professor of Sanskrit at [[Shibli National College, Azamgarh]], they are fabrications and later Hindu additions, incorporated by Hindus to please Muslim rulers, such as the [[Kalki Purana]] and the [[Bhavishya Purana]], which contain many prophecies on Islamic matters.<ref name=Ab/> Azmi argues in support of this view that most of the Hindu scriptures were translated into Arabic in [[House of Wisdom|Bayt Al-Hiqmah]] during the reign of the Caliph [[al-Ma'mun|Mamun bin al-Rashid]], but even then, no author of that time mentioned anything of these prophecies in any of these books. For example, [[Alberuni's India|India]] by [[al-Biruni]] ("تحقيق ما للهند من مقولة مقبولة في العقل أو مرذولة", Taḥqīq mā li-l-hind min maqūla maqbūla fī l-ʿaql aw mardhūla, A Critical Study of Indian Doctrines, Whether Rationally Acceptable or Not) and the Arabic translations of two other Hindu scriptures. Regarding the translations, none of which said anything about these prophecies.<ref name=Ab/> 
Azmi himself supported the third view.<ref name=Ab/> Azmi Also said that, some Hindus including the founder of [[Arya Samaj]] [[Dayananda Saraswati]] and his followers also consider these to be fabrications. Besides, regarding the author of the book, Ved Prakash Upadhyay, Azmi said that although he claimed the verification of these prophecies in this book, he himself did not convert to Islam, as Azmi describes 5 positions of Hindu scholars regarding these descriptions:<ref name=Ab/>
# Many of them say that these good news are related to their religious leaders and great people.
# Others believe that the person to whom this good news is addressed will appear in the last days.
# Many consider these to be fabrications. Eg: [[Dayananda Saraswati]] and his followers.
# Some consider these to be true;  But they did not accept Islam. Such as Ved Prakash Upadhyay and Ramesh Prasad.
# Many others accepted the truth of these and wished to accept Islam, but did not do so for fear of losing their lives or leadership.  Among them, those who accepted Islam and publicly declared it, had to face many dangers, had to bear the beatings, abuse and torture of the natives.  Those who escaped were freed from it;  And those who were under them, their fate was miserable.
# Many of them again adopt the policy of keeping quiet about this.  When Azmi wrote letters to many people in India and sent these details to present them in front of Hindu researchers and professors, they replied to Azmi that they did not want to talk about this if these were presented in front of those professors.<ref>{{cite book |last1=الرحمن |first1=أعظمى، محمد ضياء |title=دراسات في اليهودية والمسيحية وأديان الهند |date=2001 |publisher=مكتبة الرشد، |pages=703–708 |url=https://www.noor-book.com/en/book/internal_download/865e7470002231144605c52e5e264acd/2/fb5dd854dcf907fb80f85b5242f2e4f8/NDI2NzVlNmY3N2ZhOTUxNDMzZGVhY2I0NDg0MmI4OGMzNWIyMDgyNmRlZTI4ZmYxN2QyY2RjNGRkMGQzMzg0OWI5MmNkYjhmYTExNzEwNDA1N2YyNWMzNWIyYjBkYWEzMWVhOWUxZDJmZmUwYmM0MGI4ZWNkYWMxZjkzZGJlZjQxS1dhZ3ZyRUgwZnA3RmQrRThEeURZSFpKNysrUkFZQ3FoeG5WYTdaZkVhL2cranNiZFdnVThjWWc0OXZnTVpn |access-date=14 August 2022 |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=الرحمن |first1=أعظمى، محمد ضياء |title=دراسات في اليهودية والمسيحية وأديان الهند والبشارات في كتب الهندوس |date=2008 |publisher=مكتبة الرشد، |pages=703–708 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4bGWswEACAAJ&q=%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%88+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%88+%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF |access-date = 14 August 2022|language=ar}}</ref>

[[Bangladesh]]i Islamic scholar [[Abubakar Muhammad Zakaria]], who has conducted advanced research and studies on [[Hinduism]] at the [[Islamic University of Madinah]] in Saudi Arabia, said about the book in his book ''Hinduism wa tasur bad al firaq al islamiat biha'' (Hinduism and some Islamic groups influenced by it) that,<ref name="AHWT"/> 
{{blockquote|"There is a section for this Purana ([[Bhavishya Purana]]) called [[Kalki Purana]], which touched upon [[Kalki]] Avatar, (Avatar that comes in the Kali time, or the last time) and what came in this Purana was the reality of Muhammad only, when one of their scholars (Ved Prakash Upaddhay) admitted that there is no Kalki Avatar except Muhammad and he mentioned evidence for that from this book, and claimed that it only applies to it, except that the Hindus differed in accepting this part of the book, and they said that it was plagiarized and it was developed by the later and it was included in the book at a very late time."<ref name="AHWT"/>}}
Zakaria also criticized the book, saying that Narasangsha is described in verse 127 of the 20th volume of the Atharveda as Kalki which is not the main body of the Atharvaveda, he said that it is an anticipatory portion (Prakshipta Angsha or later interpolation) and subsequent connections, and claimed that prophecies of the Prophet [[Muhammad]] in Hindu scriptures were used by Hindus to make their scriptures acceptable to Muslims, which is a clever attempt, beginning with Akbar's reign to flatter Emperor Akbar by writing the [[Allopanishad]], he claims that the Bhavishya Purana is completely fabricated and man-made with Hindu references. He says that Hinduism has a habit of adding everything in its religion they got outside in the name of their own religion fabricatedly to attract people to come into their religion, this is also a result of that. In addition, all Hindu scriptures, including the Vedas, are claimed to be adaptations of the beliefs of the migrated [[Japhethite]] [[Aryan]]s ([[Zoroastrian]]s and [[Rigved]]ians), indigenous [[Hemite]] [[Dravid]]ians, and other [[Proto-Indo-European mythology|Indo-European classical mythologies]] along with the influence of monotheism taken from [[Avesta]]n concept of [[Ahura Mazda]] influenced by tha geographically adjacent Arabian [[Semitic people]], as he claimed that, ancient Dravidian Indians were the descendant of [[Ham (son of Noah)|Ham]], one of the [[sons of Noah]], and the [[Aryan]]s were the descendants of [[Japheth]], another of the three remained sons of [[Noah]] after the [[Genesis flood narrative|Biblical great flood]],
{{blockquote|This is what historians have mentioned regarding the origin of the people of India, although the truth of the matter is that all are from [[Adam]], and Adam is from dust, and God has destroyed the children of Adam except for [[sons of Noah|Noah's children]]. The Almighty said: In it, the [[sons of Noah]] who remained after the Flood were three: [[Ham (son of Noah)|Ham]] - [[Shem]] - [[Japheth]], and the sons of Noah spread all over the world ([[as-Saaffat]]  37:75-82, [[Al-Bidaya wa l-Nihaya|Al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya]], [[Ibn Kathir]], 1/111-114), and the lands at that time were close, and the seas were far apart, and it is said that [[Sindh]] and [[Al-Hind]] are the sons of Tawqeer (Bouqir) (Nawfer) bin Yaqtan bin Aber bin Shalekh bin Arfakhshad bin Sam bin Noah. It was said: One of the sons of Ham, [[Al-Masudi]] says: (Nuvir bin Lot bin Ham walked his son and those who followed him to the land of Hind and Sindh), and [[Ibn al-Athir]] says: (As for [[Ham (son of Noah)|Ham]], [[Cush (Bible)|Kush]], [[Misraim]], [[Phut]], and [[Canaan (son of Ham)|Canaan]] were born... It was said: He traveled to Al-Hind (India) and Sindh and lodged it and its people from his sons and [[Ibn Khaldun]] says: As for Ham, from his sons are the [[Sudan]], Hind (India), Sindh, the [[Copt]]s (Kibt), and Canaan by agreement... As for Kush bin Ham, five of his sons are mentioned in the Torah, and they are sufun, [[Saba]], and Juila and [[Rama]] and Safakha and from the sons of Rama Shao, who are the Sindh, and Dadan, who are Hind or India, and in it that [[Nimrod]] is from the birth of Kush,..... and that Al-Hind (India), Sindh and Habasha ([[Abyssinia]]) are from the children of the [[Sudan]] from the birth of [[Cush (Bible)|Kush]]. From the foregoing it appears to me: that India entered it at that time from all the races of decendants of Noah, and among the most prominent of them were the sons of [[Shem]] bin Noah, peace be upon him, but the sincere [[Dravid]]s and those who are likely to be the sons of [[Ham (son of Noah)|Ham]] entered it in abundance. As for the entry of the sons of [[Japheth]], it was little, and they are the ones who were known as the [[Turanian]]s, and by joining the ancient Dravid society and as a result of breeding with them, the born Dravids came as previously explained.<ref name="AHWT"/>}} and says that since the Hindu texts do not "truely" contain the original Abrahamic monotheism of God or [[Allah]], it is in neither consistent with the original tenets of Islam, nor these are original divine books, rather the pagan [[Advaita Vedanta]] philosophy, which developed the concept of [[Wahdat al-Wujud]] or [[Sufism]] arose in the name of Islam. And as Hinduism established itself as a conformist and syncretistic doctrine from the Islamic point of view, he claimed that, all Hindu scriptures are not inspired but man-made Aryan literature and the theory that this book attributed Kalki to Muhammad was a false and deceitful attempt.<ref name="AHWT">{{cite book |title=الهندوسية وتأثر بعض الفرق الاسلامية بها |date=2016 |publisher=Dār al-Awrāq al-Thaqāfīyah |isbn=978-603-90755-6-1 |pages=17, 63, 95–96, 102, 156, 188–189, 554–558, 698–99, 825, 870–890, 990–991, 1067–1068, 1071, 1159 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zLGztAEACAAJ&q=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1+%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%B6+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%82+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7 |access-date=28 July 2023  |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=প্রশ্ন : হিন্দু ধর্মে ভবিষ্যৎবাণী কোথায় থেকে আসলো? শাইখ প্রফেসর ড. আবু বকর মুহাম্মাদ যাকারিয়া (Question: Where did prophecy come from in Hinduism? Sheikh Professor Dr. Abu Bakar Muhammad Zakaria) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KteGroIh940|publisher=[[Abubakar Muhammad Zakaria]]'s YouTube page|access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=হিন্দু ধর্ম গ্রন্থে মুহাম্মাদ ﷺ এর নাম কেন? শায়খ ড. আবু বকর মুহাম্মাদ যাকারিয়া হাফিজাহুল্লাহ (Why is the name of Muhammad ﷺ mentioned in Hindu scriptures? Sheikh Dr. Abu Bakr Muhammad Zakaria Hafizahullah) |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?si=prTUf2qU7lmKYEBQ&v=ooZL7Rc27QE&feature=youtu.be |publisher=[[Youtube]] |access-date=26 September 2023 |language=en |date=31 July 2023}}</ref>