Editing Hindu–Islamic relations (section)

====Caste and creed====
{{Main|Caste system in India|Caste system among South Asian Muslims}}
Hindu cultural (non-religious) texts such as the [[Manusmriti]] classify people through stratification and class, i.e. [[Brahmins]], [[Kshatriyas]], [[Vaishyas]], [[Shudras]] and allows fluidity and movement of people from one caste to another depending on their profession and what they choose as their “dharma” which literally translates to duty or purpose.<ref name=berreman/> The Hindu caste system has been described as four [[Varna (Hinduism)|Varna]]s or as thousands of [[endogamous]] hereditary groups called [[jāti]]s.<ref name=berreman>{{cite journal |title=Race, Caste, and Other Invidious Distinctions in Social Stratification |journal=Race |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=385–414 |first=Gerald D. |last=Berreman |year=1972 |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |doi=10.1177/030639687201300401 |s2cid=37931747 |url=http://reserves.fcla.edu/rsv/NC/010015586-1.pdf |access-date=13 May 2015 |archive-date=17 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117221644/http://reserves.fcla.edu/rsv/NC/010015586-1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="one">{{Cite book| last = Aggarwal | first = Patrap | title = Caste and Social Stratification Among Muslims in India | publisher = Manohar |year= 1978 }}</ref><ref name="Ambedkar">{{Cite book| last = Ambedkar  | first = Bhimrao  | author-link = B.R. Ambedkar  | title = Pakistan or the Partition of India  | publisher =  Thackers Publishers|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00ambedkar/ambedkar_partition/410.html}}</ref><ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/story/12109.html Dereserve these myths] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516075059/http://www.indianexpress.com/story/12109.html |date=16 May 2008 }} by Tanweer Fazal,''Indian express''</ref><ref name="barth">{{cite book |last=Barth |first=Fredrik |editor-first=E. R. |editor-last=Leach |title=Aspects of Caste in South India, Ceylon, and North-West Pakistan |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1962 |isbn=978-0-521-09664-5}}</ref>

Islam requires [[egalitarianism]] and is against discrimination based on caste, creed or [[Race (human categorization)|race]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 4, 2019|title=Racism, Casteism and Islam|url=https://www.nation.com.pk/04-Jan-2019/racism-casteism-and-islam|website=The Nation|access-date=April 25, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Adetunji|first=Jo|date=July 6, 2020|title=Islam's anti-racist message from the 7th century still resonates today|url=https://theconversation.com/islams-anti-racist-message-from-the-7th-century-still-resonates-today-141575|website=The Conversation|access-date=April 25, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Quranic Arabic Corpus - Translation |url=http://corpus.quran.com/translation.jsp?chapter=49&verse=13 |website=corpus.quran.com |access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> Islamic texts do not segregate Muslims. [[Hadith|Hadīth]], however, mentions the prophecy of the Muslim [[Ummah]] being separated into 73 sects based on practices of Islam, not class. However there remain huge discrimination between [[Shia]] and [[ Sunni ]] . Also [[ Ahmaddiya]] has been persecuted severely. There are differences in practices within Muslim communities as traditions differ according to geography, but spiritually all Muslims are equal.<ref>{{cite book | last=Glenn | first=H | title=Legal traditions of the world: sustainable diversity in law | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2014 | isbn=978-0-19-966983-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Emon | first=Anver | title=Religious pluralism and Islamic law : Dhimmis and Others in the Empire of Law| publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2012 | isbn=978-0-19-966163-3 | pages=234–236}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Saleh | first=Fauzan | title=Modern trends in Islamic theological discourse in 20th century Indonesia: A Critical Survey | publisher=Leiden;Boston;Köln : Brill | year=2001 | isbn=978-90-04-12305-2}}</ref>